精選寫作用字 (字源解析)
1. pon, pound = put, 表示“放置”
拉丁文ponere
component n 成分,零件 a 組成的(com一起+pon+ent→放在一起→成分)
Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.
opponent n 對手 a 對立的(op反+pon+ent→反著放→對立的)
He is a formidable opponent in debate.
propound v 提出,提議(pro向前+pound→向前放→提出)
proponent n 提議者,倡導者
The theory of natural selection was first propounded by Charles Darwin.
expound v 詳細說明(ex出+pound→把[內容]說出來→詳細說明)
exponent n 說明者
She's always expounding on the latest dogmas of feminism.
compound n 化合物(com全部+pound 放→全部放到一起→化合物)
Sulphur dioxide is a compound of sulphur and oxygen.
postpone v 延遲(post後+pone→向後放→延遲)
A rise in price will make people postpone expenditure.
2. scend, scent = climb, 表示“爬,攀”
拉丁文scandere
ascend v 登上,爬上(a 向上+scend) / ascent n
The road ascends steeply from the harbor.
descend v 下降,傳下(de向下+scend→向下爬) / descent n
After 1970s, a continuous descent of birth rate is evident in many developed countries.
descendant n 子孫,後代(descend+ant人→在族譜裡往下的人→後代)
Quechua is a descendant of the Inca language.
condescend v 屈尊降貴,故作施惠(con全部+descend→全身爬行→屈尊)
condescending a 高高在上的 / condescension n
All the colleagues are fed up with his condescending attitude.
transcend v 超越,勝過(trans超過+scend→爬過去→超越)
transcendence n
The genius of Shakespeare transcends that of all other English poets.
3. scrib, script = write, 表示“寫”
拉丁文scribere
describe v 敘述,描寫(de向下+scribe→寫下→敘述)/ description n
Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene.
inscribe v 銘刻,刻字(in進去+scribe→刻寫進去→刻字)/ inscription n
His mother's words were inscribed in his mind.
prescribe v 開藥方,規定(pre預先+scribe→預先寫好[藥方、規定])/ prescription n
The law prescribes how to punish this crime.
subscribe v 簽名,同意,訂閱,捐款(sub在下面+scribe→下面寫字→簽名)
subscriber n 訂戶,捐助人(subscribe+er)
He subscribed 10,000 dollars to the earthquake relief fund.
transcribe v 抄寫,謄寫(trans橫越+scribe→寫過去→謄寫)
transcript n 副本,成績單
The minutes of their meeting were fully transcribed in the report.
ascribe v 把…歸因於(a去+scribe→把…寫過去→歸因於)/ ascribable a
The report ascribes the rise in childhood asthma to the increase in air pollution.
circumscribe v 畫界線,限制(circum周圍+scribe→畫上一圈→限定)
The President's power is circumscribed by Congress and the Supreme Court.
conscribe v 徵募,招募(con一起+scribe→大家寫上[名字]→徵兵)/ conscription n
All adult males will be liable for conscription.
manuscript n 手稿,原稿(manu手+script)
Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript have been lost.
postscript n (信件等)後記,附註(縮寫P.S.)(post後+script→寫在後面→附註)
She mentioned in a postscript to her letter that the parcel had arrived.
scribble v 潦草書寫,塗鴉(scrib+ble→寫→亂寫)
He hastily scribbled down a few notes in the margin.
script n 腳本,底稿
This film script is weak in its plot but strong in characters.
scripture n 經文(script+ure→寫出的[宗教作品])
The great demands for Buddhist scripture from home and abroad also led to the
invention and wide-use of printing.