精選寫作用字 (字源解析) 
 

1. pel, puls = drive, push, 表示“驅動，推”

     拉丁文pellere, pulsus

compel  v 強迫（com一起+pel推→一起推→強迫） /  compulsion  n

The law will compel employers to provide health insurance.

 

compulsory  a 強制性的（com+puls+ory）

Military service is compulsory in many countries.

compelling  a 強制性的，令人信服的，引人注目的（compel+l+ing）

The court was presented with compelling evidence that he'd murdered his neighbor.

expel  v 開除，驅逐（ex出+pel→推出→開除） /  expulsion  n

He was expelled from his native country.

impel  v 驅使，推進（im內+pel→由內推展→驅使）

The lack of democracy and equality impelled the oppressed to fight for freedom.

 

dispel  v 驅散（煙霧等）（dis分開+pel→推開→驅散）

His cheerful laughter dispelled her worries.

propel  v 推進（pro 向前+pel→向前推→推進） /  propulsion  n

propeller  n 推進器，螺旋槳

The film propelled her to stardom overnight.

repel  v 擊退（敵人），使…反感（re反+pel→推回去→擊退）

Particles with similar electric charges repel each other.

 

repulse  n v 打退，擊退（re 反+pulse）

Government troops repulsed an attack by rebel forces.

 

repulsive  a 排斥的，令人厭惡的

His brutal behavior was repulsive.

 

pulse  n 脈搏

His breathing was shallow and his pulse was weak.

pulsate  v（脈）搏動（puls脈搏+ate）

The whole city seemed to pulsate with excitement.

impulse  n 衝動，刺激（im內+pulse→由內推展→衝動）

He felt an irresistible impulse to cry out at the sight.

  
impulsive  a 衝動的（impulse+ive）

In a burst of impulsive generosity, I offered to pay.
 

 

2. ject = throw, cast, 表示“投擲，扔，丟”
     拉丁文jacere

abject  a 可憐的，悲慘的（ab向下+ject+→被人向下扔→悲慘的）

With great efforts, people in abject poverty can still go from rags to riches.

deject  v 使沮喪（de向下+ject→情緒向下扔→沮喪） 

dejected  a 情緒低落的

Peter was dejected, his confidence in tatters.

eject  v 噴出，退出（e出+ject→扔出） /  ejection  n

The pilot ejected from the plane and escaped injury.

inject  v 注射（in進+ject→扔進去→注射）

The technique consists of injecting healthy cells into the weakened muscles.

 

reject  v 拒絕，駁回（re回+ject→扔回來→拒絕） /  rejection  n 

It was feared his body was rejecting a kidney he received in a transplant four years ago.

 

project  v 投射 n 計劃（pro向前+ject→向前扔→投射） /  projection  n

I hope the team will project a smart, professional image .

 

subject  n 主題 a 易遭受到(+to N)（sub在…下面+ject→扔下去討論→主題）

This contentious subject has aroused a heated debate among the public.

The prices are subject to change.

 

subjective  a 主觀的  /  subjectivity  n 主觀性

The grading for speaking and writing tests can be highly subjective.

 

object  n 物體 v 反對（ob反+ject→反著扔→反對）

objection  n 反對（object 反對+ion）

The main objection to the hereditary principle is that such peers are not elected.

objective  a 客觀的  n目標

A case should be judged with objective evidence.

The main objective of this campaign was to enhance the public awareness about 

environmental conservation.

 

conjecture  n v推測，猜想（con一起+ject+ure→大家一起丟出想法→推測）

There has been some conjecture about a possible merger.

trajectory  n 彈道，軌道（tra穿過+ject+ory→扔進去→彈道）

The missile deflected from its trajectory.

 

  

3. lev, live = raise, lighten, 表示“提升,舉起,變輕”

    拉丁文levare

elevate  v 舉起，升高（e出+lev+ate→舉出→升高）

elevator  n 電梯，升降機（elevate+or）

Technological advances have greatly elevated our living standards.

relieve  v 減輕，解除（re再+lieve→一再變輕→減輕） /  relief  n 

Mother Teresa devoted her whole life to relieving the distressed.

 

alleviate  v 減輕，緩和（al一再+levi+ate→不斷變輕→減輕）

A cold compress often alleviates pain.

 

relevant  a 相關的，切題的（re再+lev+ant→值得一再提起→相關的）

irrelevant  a 不相關的，不切題的（ir不+relevant）

Relevant documents were presented in court.

lever  n 槓杆，手段（lev+er→舉起重物的東西→槓杆）

leverage  n 槓杆作用，影響力（lever+age 狀態，作用）

Rich countries use foreign aid as a lever to achieve political aims.

levity  n 輕浮（lev+ity）

Words of levity are unseemly on this formal occasion.

levy  n v 課稅（lev+y→提升收入→課稅）

A direct food tax was levied by the local government.